Water and climate experts have called for a Green Water Initiative as part of a Water Revolution in Africa – a necessity for alleviating hunger and meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

At the onset of World Water Week, which kicked off on Sunday, a group of world-renowned hydro-climate experts said that rainwater harvesting and other green water management methods are key to alleviating hunger in sub-Saharan Africa and meeting the SDGs.

Green water is the rain that infiltrates into and is stored in the soil.

“Large parts of the world are struggling to adapt to a drier reality, but challenges are especially dire in Africa’s drylands. Africa’s climate is its Achilles Heel,” said Prof Malin Falkenmark, Senior Scientific Advisor to Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI).

In the water-scarce regions of sub-Saharan Africa, direct management of scarce rainfall must form an integral part of the development agenda, said the group* during Sunday’s Malin Falkenmark Symposium at World Water Week.

The vast drylands encircling the Congo Basin are home to some 750 million people, a number that is expected to increase to 1.6 billion in the next 35 years. Meanwhile, agricultural yields in this region are very low, on average around one tonne per hectare, as a result of frequent droughts.

The group said that to meet the SDG 2 (end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture), Africa needs a Triple Green Revolution: green for productive use of green water, green for intensification and enhanced food production, and green for sustainability and building water resilience in watersheds.

Rain, the scientists said, is the ultimate water source in dryland agriculture, as the limited blue water (such as rivers and streams) will be needed for increased urban water supply, industry and energy production.

They suggest rainwater harvesting systems that can offer supplementary irrigation, harvested from slopes and valley bottoms and stored in ponds or dams for use during dry spells and drought periods.

To finance the initiative, the group proposed a Water Harvesting Innovation Fund for Africa, to build water resilience for food security and human well-being.

“Initiatives like the Green Water Initiative in Africa, within the framework of the 2030 Agenda, is of great importance if we will have any chance of realising the SDGs. I hope to see some concrete response to this call,” said SIWI’s Executive Director Torgny Holmgren.

 

*The group behind the call includes:

• Malin Falkenmark, Stockholm International Water Institute and Stockholm Resilience Centre
• Johan Rockström, Stockholm Resilience Centre
• Johan Kuylenstierna, Stockholm Environment Institute
• Charles J. Vörösmarty, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center
• Torgny Holmgren, Stockholm International Water Institute
• Fred Boltz, The Rockefeller Foundation